Thioredoxin-like protein 1 (TXNL1)
The protein contains 289 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 32251 Da.
Active thioredoxin with a redox potential of about -250 mV. (updated: March 4, 2015)
Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:
- Goodman and co-workers. (2013) The proteomics and interactomics of human erythrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(5), 509-518.
- Lange and co-workers. (2014) Annotating N termini for the human proteome project: N termini and Nα-acetylation status differentiate stable cleaved protein species from degradation remnants in the human erythrocyte proteome. J Proteome Res. 13(4), 2028-2044.
- Hegedűs and co-workers. (2015) Inconsistencies in the red blood cell membrane proteome analysis: generation of a database for research and diagnostic applications. Database (Oxford) 1-8.
- Wilson and co-workers. (2016) Comparison of the Proteome of Adult and Cord Erythroid Cells, and Changes in the Proteome Following Reticulocyte Maturation. Mol Cell Proteomics. 15(6), 1938-1946.
- Bryk and co-workers. (2017) Quantitative Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell Proteome. J Proteome Res. 16(8), 2752-2761.
- D'Alessandro and co-workers. (2017) Red blood cell proteomics update: is there more to discover? Blood Transfus. 15(2), 182-187.
- Chu and co-workers. (2018) Quantitative mass spectrometry of human reticulocytes reveal proteome-wide modifications during maturation. Br J Haematol. 180(1), 118-133.
Methods
The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.
The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.
| Publication | Identification 1 | Uniprot mapping 2 | Not mapped / Obsolete | TrEMBL | Swiss-Prot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodman (2013) | 2289 (gene list) | 2278 | 53 | 20599 | 2269 |
| Lange (2014) | 1234 | 1234 | 7 | 28 | 1224 |
| Hegedus (2015) | 2638 | 2622 | 0 | 235 | 2387 |
| Wilson (2016) | 1658 | 1528 | 170 | 291 | 1068 |
| d'Alessandro (2017) | 1826 | 1817 | 2 | 0 | 1815 |
| Bryk (2017) | 2090 | 2060 | 10 | 108 | 1942 |
| Chu (2018) | 1853 | 1804 | 55 | 362 | 1387 |
1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry
The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.
The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.
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The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 603049
Thioredoxin-like 1; txnl1
Thioredoxin-like; txnl
Txl
DESCRIPTION
Thioredoxins are a group of small redox active proteins that have a conserved active site sequence. Proteins with thioredoxin-like domains, e.g., TXNL1, have many of the conserved residues in thioredoxins present at the same position but different active site residues (summary by Miranda-Vizuete et al., 1998).CLONING
By searching EST databases with the region centered on the active site of human thioredoxin (TXN; 187700), followed by PCR on human testis cDNA, Miranda-Vizuete et al. (1998) isolated a cDNA encoding TXL. The predicted 289-amino acid, 32.3-kD protein has 2 distinct domains: an N-terminal domain, which is 43% identical to human TXN, and a C-terminal domain, which showed no homology to other proteins in the sequence databases. The active site sequence, located within the N-terminal domain, is that of a thioredoxin-like protein; compared to the active site sequence of TXN, it has a single amino acid substitution. Unlike other thioredoxin-like proteins, TXL did not act as a substrate for thioredoxin reductase in an insulin assay. Since TXL has an additional 184 amino acids at its C terminus relative to other mammalian thioredoxins, the authors tested a TXL protein that lacked the C-terminal domain and found that this truncated form was also unable to act as a substrate in an insulin assay. Northern blot analysis detected a 1.3-kb TXL transcript in all human tissues tested.MAPPING
Gross (2012) mapped the TXNL1 gene to chromosome 18q21.31 based on an alignment of the TXNL1 sequence (GenBank GENBANK AB209263) with the genomic sequence (GRCh37). ... More on the omim web site
Feb. 2, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Dec. 19, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
March 16, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 603049 was added.
Jan. 25, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: model status changed