Synaptic vesicle membrane protein VAT-1 homolog (VAT1)
The protein contains 393 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 41920 Da.
Possesses ATPase activity (By similarity). Plays a part in calcium-regulated keratinocyte activation in epidermal repair mechanisms. Has no effect on cell proliferation. Negatively regulates mitochondrial fusion in cooperation with mitofusin proteins (MFN1-2). (updated: March 4, 2015)
Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:
- Goodman and co-workers. (2013) The proteomics and interactomics of human erythrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(5), 509-518.
- Hegedűs and co-workers. (2015) Inconsistencies in the red blood cell membrane proteome analysis: generation of a database for research and diagnostic applications. Database (Oxford) 1-8.
- Wilson and co-workers. (2016) Comparison of the Proteome of Adult and Cord Erythroid Cells, and Changes in the Proteome Following Reticulocyte Maturation. Mol Cell Proteomics. 15(6), 1938-1946.
- Bryk and co-workers. (2017) Quantitative Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell Proteome. J Proteome Res. 16(8), 2752-2761.
- D'Alessandro and co-workers. (2017) Red blood cell proteomics update: is there more to discover? Blood Transfus. 15(2), 182-187.
Methods
The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.
The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.
| Publication | Identification 1 | Uniprot mapping 2 | Not mapped / Obsolete | TrEMBL | Swiss-Prot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodman (2013) | 2289 (gene list) | 2278 | 53 | 20599 | 2269 |
| Lange (2014) | 1234 | 1234 | 7 | 28 | 1224 |
| Hegedus (2015) | 2638 | 2622 | 0 | 235 | 2387 |
| Wilson (2016) | 1658 | 1528 | 170 | 291 | 1068 |
| d'Alessandro (2017) | 1826 | 1817 | 2 | 0 | 1815 |
| Bryk (2017) | 2090 | 2060 | 10 | 108 | 1942 |
| Chu (2018) | 1853 | 1804 | 55 | 362 | 1387 |
1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry
The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.
The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.
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The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 604631
Vesicle amine transport protein 1; vat1
CLONING
Synaptic vesicles are responsible for regulating the storage and release of neurotransmitters in the nerve terminal. Using expression screening of a marine ray (Torpedo) electric lobe library, Linial et al. (1989) identified a cDNA encoding a 379-amino acid synaptic vesicle integral membrane protein, which they termed VAT1. Northern blot analysis revealed that a 5.8-kb transcript is expressed in electromotor neurons. Western blot analysis determined expression of a 42-kD protein in the electric organ that copurified with synaptic vesicles. While attempting to identify the BRCA1 (113705) gene, Friedman et al. (1995) cloned cDNAs for a number of genes on chromosome 17q21, including one with significant homology to Torpedo VAT1. By random sequencing of 4 cosmids from a human chromosome 17-specific library, Smith et al. (1996) identified the sequence of 2 complete genes within 117 kb of DNA containing the BRCA1 gene: RHO7 (601555) and VAT1, an abundant membrane protein of cholinergic synaptic vesicles. The coding sequence of VAT1 predicts a 301-amino acid peptide.GENE STRUCTURE
Smith et al. (1996) determined that the VAT1 gene contains 6 exons spanning 8.1 kb.MAPPING
Friedman et al. (1995) identified the VAT1 gene on chromosome 17q21. Smith et al. (1996) determined the following order of genes on chromosome 17q21: cen--IFP35 (600735)--VAT1--RHO7--BRCA1--1A1-3B--tel. ... More on the omim web site
Feb. 2, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Dec. 19, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
June 20, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: comparative model was added.
March 16, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 604631 was added.