Grancalcin (GCA)

The protein contains 217 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 24010 Da.

 

Calcium-binding protein that may play a role in the adhesion of neutrophils to fibronectin. May play a role in the formation of focal adhesions. (updated: Feb. 4, 2015)

Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:

  1. Goodman and co-workers. (2013) The proteomics and interactomics of human erythrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(5), 509-518.
  2. Hegedűs and co-workers. (2015) Inconsistencies in the red blood cell membrane proteome analysis: generation of a database for research and diagnostic applications. Database (Oxford) 1-8.
  3. D'Alessandro and co-workers. (2017) Red blood cell proteomics update: is there more to discover? Blood Transfus. 15(2), 182-187.

Methods

The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.

The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.

PublicationIdentification 1Uniprot mapping 2Not mapped /
Obsolete
TrEMBLSwiss-Prot
Goodman (2013)2289 (gene list)227853205992269
Lange (2014)123412347281224
Hegedus (2015)2638262202352387
Wilson (2016)165815281702911068
d'Alessandro (2017)18261817201815
Bryk (2017)20902060101081942
Chu (2018)18531804553621387

1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry

The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.

The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.

No sequence conservation computed yet.

This protein is annotated as membranous in Gene Ontology.


Interpro domains
Total structural coverage: 91%
Model score: 65

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VariantDescription
dbSNP:rs17783344

The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 607030

Grancalcin; gca

CLONING

By probing with antibody to the purified protein, Boyhan et al. (1992) cloned GCA, which they called grancalcin, from a promyocytic cell line expression library. The deduced 217-amino acid protein has a calculated molecular mass of 24 kD. The sequence contains an EF-hand calcium-binding region, a potential phosphorylation site, and 2 potential N-glycosylation sites. GCA shares 58% identity over 192 amino acids with sorcin (182520), and about 30% identity over the calcium-binding domains of calpains (see 114220). Northern blot analysis revealed abundant expression of a 1.65-kb transcript in bone marrow and weaker expression in neutrophils, myeloid leukemic cells, and 2 Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell lines. By Western blot analysis, a 28-kD protein was observed in B and T cells at low concentrations, and at higher levels in neutrophils and macrophages. Subcellular fractionation showed localization to be dependent upon Ca(2+) and Mg(2+). In the absence of divalent cation, grancalcin localized to the cytosolic fraction; with Mg(2+) alone, it partitioned with the granule fraction; and in the presence of Mg(2+) and Ca(2+), it associated with both the granule and membrane fractions. Teahan et al. (1992) purified grancalcin from leukopheresis samples of patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia. The purified protein migrated as a 28-kD protein by SDS-PAGE and formed homodimers of 55 kD upon gel filtration that was independent of reducing agents. No biochemical evidence was found for phosphorylation or glycosylation. Calcium binding was suggested by the difference in migration on SDS/PAGE between calcium-loaded and calcium-depleted preparations, and was confirmed by the binding of Ca(2+) to slot blots of the native protein.

MAPPING

The International Radiation Hybrid Mapping Consortium mapped the GCA gene to chromosome 2 (TMAP stSG15301). ... More on the omim web site

Subscribe to this protein entry history

Feb. 2, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated

Dec. 19, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated

Nov. 23, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated

June 20, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: comparative model was added.

March 16, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 607030 was added.