Glia maturation factor beta (GMFB)
The protein contains 142 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 16713 Da.
This protein causes differentiation of brain cells, stimulation of neural regeneration, and inhibition of proliferation of tumor cells. (updated: March 4, 2015)
Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:
- Goodman and co-workers. (2013) The proteomics and interactomics of human erythrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(5), 509-518.
- Lange and co-workers. (2014) Annotating N termini for the human proteome project: N termini and Nα-acetylation status differentiate stable cleaved protein species from degradation remnants in the human erythrocyte proteome. J Proteome Res. 13(4), 2028-2044.
- Hegedűs and co-workers. (2015) Inconsistencies in the red blood cell membrane proteome analysis: generation of a database for research and diagnostic applications. Database (Oxford) 1-8.
- Bryk and co-workers. (2017) Quantitative Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell Proteome. J Proteome Res. 16(8), 2752-2761.
- D'Alessandro and co-workers. (2017) Red blood cell proteomics update: is there more to discover? Blood Transfus. 15(2), 182-187.
Methods
The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.
The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.
| Publication | Identification 1 | Uniprot mapping 2 | Not mapped / Obsolete | TrEMBL | Swiss-Prot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodman (2013) | 2289 (gene list) | 2278 | 53 | 20599 | 2269 |
| Lange (2014) | 1234 | 1234 | 7 | 28 | 1224 |
| Hegedus (2015) | 2638 | 2622 | 0 | 235 | 2387 |
| Wilson (2016) | 1658 | 1528 | 170 | 291 | 1068 |
| d'Alessandro (2017) | 1826 | 1817 | 2 | 0 | 1815 |
| Bryk (2017) | 2090 | 2060 | 10 | 108 | 1942 |
| Chu (2018) | 1853 | 1804 | 55 | 362 | 1387 |
1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry
The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.
The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.
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The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 601713
Glia maturation factor, beta; gmfb glia maturation factor; gmf
CLONING
Glia maturation factor (GMF) is a 17-kD protein that was initially identified as a growth and differentiation factor in the vertebrate brain. Kaplan et al. (1991) obtained a cDNA of the human GMF gene from a human brainstem library. Bourgeois et al. (2001) cloned a full-length mouse Gmfb cDNA encoding a deduced 142-amino acid protein that is identical to human GMFB with the exception of 2 amino acids. Northern blot analysis detected expression of a single transcript in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, kidney, and testis. No expression was detected in skeletal muscle. The transcript is developmentally regulated, with peak expression at embryonic day 15. RT-PCR analysis and in situ hybridization demonstrated higher expression of Gmfb in telencephalon than in the posterior parts of the embryonic brain.GENE FUNCTION
GMF can be phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase A (PKA; 188830), protein kinase C (PKC; 176960), casein kinase II (115440), and ribosomal S6 kinase (see 300075) (Lim and Zaheer, 1995). Zaheer and Lim (1996) showed that PKA-phosphorylated GMF is a potent inhibitor of activity of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/ERK2; see 601795) subfamily of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. Lim and Zaheer (1996) demonstrated that PKA-phosphorylated GMF is a strong enhancer of p38 MAP kinase activity in vitro. They suggested that ERK and p38 carry out opposing functions and that GMF is an intracellular regulator of signal transduction pathways. ... More on the omim web site
Feb. 2, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Dec. 19, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Nov. 23, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
June 20, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: comparative model was added.
March 16, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 601713 was added.