40S ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6)

The protein contains 249 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 28681 Da.

 

Component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit (PubMed:8706699). Plays an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA (PubMed:17220279). (updated: Feb. 10, 2021)

Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:

  1. Goodman and co-workers. (2013) The proteomics and interactomics of human erythrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(5), 509-518.
  2. Hegedűs and co-workers. (2015) Inconsistencies in the red blood cell membrane proteome analysis: generation of a database for research and diagnostic applications. Database (Oxford) 1-8.
  3. Wilson and co-workers. (2016) Comparison of the Proteome of Adult and Cord Erythroid Cells, and Changes in the Proteome Following Reticulocyte Maturation. Mol Cell Proteomics. 15(6), 1938-1946.
  4. Bryk and co-workers. (2017) Quantitative Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell Proteome. J Proteome Res. 16(8), 2752-2761.
  5. Chu and co-workers. (2018) Quantitative mass spectrometry of human reticulocytes reveal proteome-wide modifications during maturation. Br J Haematol. 180(1), 118-133.

Methods

The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.

The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.

PublicationIdentification 1Uniprot mapping 2Not mapped /
Obsolete		TrEMBLSwiss-Prot
Goodman (2013)2289 (gene list)227853205992269
Lange (2014)123412347281224
Hegedus (2015)2638262202352387
Wilson (2016)165815281702911068
d'Alessandro (2017)18261817201815
Bryk (2017)20902060101081942
Chu (2018)18531804553621387

1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry

The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.

The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.

No sequence conservation computed yet.
Protein sequence (FASTA)
Protein coevolution profile (FreeContact)
Multiple Sequence Alignment (Muscle)

Interpro domains
Total structural coverage: 100%
Model score: 100
MODL_I-TASSER-3.0

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VariantDescription
dbSNP:rs17852447

The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 180460

Ribosomal protein s6; rps6

CLONING

Ribosomal protein S6 is the major substrate of protein kinases (e.g., 300075) in eukaryotic ribosomes. Heinze et al. (1988) used polyclonal antibodies directed against a synthetic octopeptide of the phosphorylation site of the ribosomal protein S6 of rat liver to screen a lambda-gt11 cDNA expression library of human lymphoblasts. In this way an S6-specific clone was isolated. It consisted of the complete coding sequence of 747 bases. The sequence of 249 amino acids deduced from the nucleotide sequence showed a high degree of similarity to that of rat liver S6. Southern blot analysis of human genomic DNA suggested that multiple genes exist for the S6 protein. Independently, Lott and Mackie (1988) cloned human RPS6 cDNAs using oligonucleotides based on the rat Rps6 and yeast Rps10 amino acid sequences. By Northern blot analysis using a rat Rps6 probe, Pogue-Geile et al. (1991) found increased levels of RPS6 mRNA in 3 of 3 human colorectal tumors and 2 of 4 human colon polyps relative to matched normal colonic mucosa. RPS6 is expressed as an approximately 820-bp transcript.

GENE STRUCTURE

Antoine and Fried (1992) demonstrated that the RPS6 gene is 3,979 bp long and comprises 6 exons.

MAPPING

Using a PCR product for the analysis of rodent/human somatic cell hybrids, Feo et al. (1992) mapped the RPS6 gene to 9pter-p13. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, Antoine and Fried (1992) sublocalized the RPS6 gene to 9p21. Kenmochi et al. (1998) confirmed the mapping assignment reported by Antoine and Fried (1992).

ANIMAL MODEL

Because ribosome biogenesis plays an essential role in cell proliferation, control mechanisms may have evolved to recognize lesions in this critical anabolic process. To test this possibility, Volarevic et al. (2000) conditionally deleted the gene encoding 40S ribosomal protein S6 in the liver of adult mice. Unexpectedly, livers from fasted animals deficient in S6 grew in response to nutrients even though biogenesis of 40S ribosomes was abolished. However, liver cells failed to proliferate or induce cyclin E expression after partial hepatectomy, despite formation of active cyclin D-CDK4 complexes. Volarevic et al. (2000) concluded that their results implied that abrogation of 40S ribosome biogenesis may induce a checkpoint control that prevents cell cycle progression. In order to study the relationship between ribosome biogenesis, cell growth, and proliferation, Sulic et al. (2005) conditionally deleted 1 or 2 alleles of Rps6 in mouse thymi. Complete Rps6 deletion abrogated T-cell development. Hemizygous Rps6 expression had no effect on T-cell maturation in the thymus but inhibited the accumulation of T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes as a result of their decreased survival in peripheral lymphoid organs. Stimulation of Rps6-heterozygous T cells induced a normal increase in size, but cell cycle progression was impaired in a p53 (TP53; 191170)-dependent manner. ... More on the omim web site

Subscribe to this protein entry history

Feb. 16, 2021: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Entry updated from uniprot information.

May 12, 2019: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: model status changed

Nov. 16, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: model status changed

Feb. 2, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated

Dec. 19, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated

Nov. 23, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated

Oct. 26, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: model status changed

March 15, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 180460 was added.

Jan. 24, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: model status changed