GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] (GMPS)
The protein contains 693 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 76715 Da.
Involved in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides which are not only essential for DNA and RNA synthesis, but also provide GTP, which is involved in a number of cellular processes important for cell division. (updated: April 1, 2015)
Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:
- Goodman and co-workers. (2013) The proteomics and interactomics of human erythrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(5), 509-518.
- Hegedűs and co-workers. (2015) Inconsistencies in the red blood cell membrane proteome analysis: generation of a database for research and diagnostic applications. Database (Oxford) 1-8.
- Bryk and co-workers. (2017) Quantitative Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell Proteome. J Proteome Res. 16(8), 2752-2761.
- D'Alessandro and co-workers. (2017) Red blood cell proteomics update: is there more to discover? Blood Transfus. 15(2), 182-187.
Methods
The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.
The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.
| Publication | Identification 1 | Uniprot mapping 2 | Not mapped / Obsolete | TrEMBL | Swiss-Prot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodman (2013) | 2289 (gene list) | 2278 | 53 | 20599 | 2269 |
| Lange (2014) | 1234 | 1234 | 7 | 28 | 1224 |
| Hegedus (2015) | 2638 | 2622 | 0 | 235 | 2387 |
| Wilson (2016) | 1658 | 1528 | 170 | 291 | 1068 |
| d'Alessandro (2017) | 1826 | 1817 | 2 | 0 | 1815 |
| Bryk (2017) | 2090 | 2060 | 10 | 108 | 1942 |
| Chu (2018) | 1853 | 1804 | 55 | 362 | 1387 |
1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry
The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.
The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.
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Biological Process
Glutamine metabolic process
GMP biosynthetic process
Nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
Purine nucleobase biosynthetic process
Purine nucleobase metabolic process
Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process
Response to drug
Small molecule metabolic process
The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 600358
Guanine monophosphate synthetase; gmps
Gmp synthetase gmps/mll fusion gene, included
DESCRIPTION
In the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides, IMP is the branch point metabolite at which point the pathway diverges to the synthesis of either guanine or adenine nucleotides. In the guanine nucleotide pathway, there are 2 enzymes involved in converting IMP to GMP, namely IMP dehydrogenase (IMPD1; 146690), which catalyzes the oxidation of IMP to XMP, and GMP synthetase (EC 6.3.5.2), which catalyzes the amination of XMP to GMP. Both IMP dehydrogenase and GMP synthetase exhibit elevated levels of activity in rapidly proliferating cells such as neoplastic and regenerating tissues (summary by Hirst et al., 1994).CLONING
Hirst et al. (1994) purified human GMP synthetase to homogeneity and isolated a cDNA encoding the enzyme from a T-lymphoblastoma cell line. The open reading frame encoded a protein of 693 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 76,725. The cDNA complemented a guaA mutant of Escherichia coli. A single 2.4-kb mRNA was demonstrated. DNA hybridization analysis suggested that human GMP synthetase is encoded by 1 gene.MAPPING
By fluorescence in situ hybridization, Fedorova et al. (1997) mapped the GMPS gene to 3q24.CYTOGENETICS
In a patient with treatment-related acute myeloid leukemia and the karyotype t(3;11)(q25;q23), Pegram et al. (2000) identified GMPS to be the partner gene of MLL (159550). The authors stated that GMPS was the first partner gene of MLL to be identified on 3q and the first gene of this type to be found in leukemia-associated translocations. ... More on the omim web site
Feb. 2, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Dec. 19, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Nov. 23, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
March 16, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 600358 was added.
Jan. 28, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: model status changed
Jan. 24, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: model status changed