Syntaxin-12 (STX12)

The protein contains 276 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 31642 Da.

 

SNARE that acts to regulate protein transport between late endosomes and the trans-Golgi network. The SNARE complex containing STX6, STX12, VAMP4 and VTI1A mediates vesicle fusion (in vitro) (By similarity). Through complex formation with GRIP1, GRIA2 and NSG1 controls the intracellular fate of AMPAR and the endosomal sorting of the GRIA2 subunit toward recycling and membrane targeting (By similarity). (updated: Sept. 12, 2018)

Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:

  1. Bryk and co-workers. (2017) Quantitative Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell Proteome. J Proteome Res. 16(8), 2752-2761.
  2. D'Alessandro and co-workers. (2017) Red blood cell proteomics update: is there more to discover? Blood Transfus. 15(2), 182-187.
  3. Chu and co-workers. (2018) Quantitative mass spectrometry of human reticulocytes reveal proteome-wide modifications during maturation. Br J Haematol. 180(1), 118-133.

Methods

The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.

The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.

PublicationIdentification 1Uniprot mapping 2Not mapped /
Obsolete		TrEMBLSwiss-Prot
Goodman (2013)2289 (gene list)227853205992269
Lange (2014)123412347281224
Hegedus (2015)2638262202352387
Wilson (2016)165815281702911068
d'Alessandro (2017)18261817201815
Bryk (2017)20902060101081942
Chu (2018)18531804553621387

1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry

The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.

The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.

No sequence conservation computed yet.
Protein sequence (FASTA)
Protein coevolution profile (FreeContact)
Multiple Sequence Alignment (Muscle)

This protein is predicted to be membranous by TOPCONS.

Topcons

Interpro domains
Total structural coverage: 56%
Model score: 0
No model available.

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VariantDescription
a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation

The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 606892

Syntaxin 12; stx12
Stx13

CLONING

By database analysis, Advani et al. (1998) identified syntaxin-12, which they called syntaxin-13. They cloned STX12 cDNA from a rat brainstem and spinal cord cDNA library using a human brain cDNA clone as probe. Rat STX12 shares 53% sequence identity with STX7 (603217). Northern blot analysis detected expression of a 2.9-kb transcript in rat brain, with very little expression in other tissues. Western blot analysis detected a 33-kD band in brain, a faint signal in pancreas, and barely detectable signals in other tissues. Cell fractionation studies of rat brain showed that STX12 is an integral membrane protein, and immunolocalization studies localized STX12 to the cell body of cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Tang et al. (1998) independently cloned rat STX12 from a rat brain cDNA library. Northern blot analysis detected highest expression in brain, lung, and kidney. Immunolocalization studies showed compact perinuclear staining, and experimental manipulation revealed specific localization of STX12 to the endosomal compartment.

GENE FUNCTION

Using immunocytochemistry, fluorescence, and confocal microscopy, Collins et al. (2002) showed that STX7 and STX12 are involved in the ordered fusion of endosomes and lysosomes with the phagosome, where phagocytic cells kill and degrade internalized foreign particles. STX12 is localized to the recycling endosome compartment, while STX7 is found in late endosomes and lysosomes and both are recruited to the phagosome. However, STX12 is acquired earlier before rapidly recycling off the phagosome, while STX7 is recruited later and continues to accumulate throughout the phagosome maturation process. ... More on the omim web site

Subscribe to this protein entry history

June 30, 2020: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 606892 was added.

Oct. 19, 2018: Additional information
Initial protein addition to the database. This entry was referenced in Bryk and co-workers. (2017).