Centromere protein T (CENPT)
The protein contains 561 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 60423 Da.
Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. The CENPA-NAC complex recruits the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex and may be involved in incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres. Part of a nucleosome-associated complex that binds specifically to histone H3-containing nucleosomes at the centromere, as opposed to nucleosomes containing CENPA. Component of the heterotetrameric CENP-T-W-S-X complex that binds and supercoils DNA, and plays an important role in kinetochore assembly. CENPT has a fundamental role in kinetochore assembly and function. It is one of the inner kinetochore proteins, with most further proteins binding downstream. Required for normal chromosome organization and normal progress through mitosis. (updated: Sept. 12, 2018)
Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:
Methods
The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.
The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.
| Publication | Identification 1 | Uniprot mapping 2 | Not mapped / Obsolete | TrEMBL | Swiss-Prot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodman (2013) | 2289 (gene list) | 2278 | 53 | 20599 | 2269 |
| Lange (2014) | 1234 | 1234 | 7 | 28 | 1224 |
| Hegedus (2015) | 2638 | 2622 | 0 | 235 | 2387 |
| Wilson (2016) | 1658 | 1528 | 170 | 291 | 1068 |
| d'Alessandro (2017) | 1826 | 1817 | 2 | 0 | 1815 |
| Bryk (2017) | 2090 | 2060 | 10 | 108 | 1942 |
| Chu (2018) | 1853 | 1804 | 55 | 362 | 1387 |
1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry
The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.
The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.
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| Variant | Description |
|---|---|
| dbSNP:rs12102580 |
No binding partner found
Biological Process
Cell division
CENP-A containing nucleosome assembly
Chromosome organization
Chromosome segregation
Kinetochore assembly
Mitotic cell cycle
Mitotic spindle organization
Protein localization to kinetochore involved in kinetochore assembly
The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 611510
Centromeric protein t; cenpt
DESCRIPTION
The centromere is a specialized chromatin domain, present throughout the cell cycle, that acts as a platform on which the transient assembly of the kinetochore occurs during mitosis. All active centromeres are characterized by the presence of long arrays of nucleosomes in which CENPA (117139) replaces histone H3 (see 602810). CENPT is an additional factor required for centromere assembly (Foltz et al., 2006).CLONING
Based on the peptide sequence of CENPT isolated with the CENPA nucleosome-associated complex, Foltz et al. (2006) identified a full-length CENPT clone in a lung large cell carcinoma cDNA library (Foltz, 2007). CENPT has an apparent molecular mass of 60 kD by SDS-PAGE.GENE FUNCTION
By immunoprecipitation of CENPA-containing complexes from HeLa cells, followed by multiple tandem affinity purifications, Foltz et al. (2006) identified CENPT as a component of a CENPA nucleosome-associated complex. Epitope-tagged CENPT bound to centromeres throughout interphase and during mitosis. CENPM (610152), CENPN (611509), CENPT, and CENPU (MLF1IP; 611511), together with CENPC (117141) and CENPH (605607), bound CENPA in a nucleosome-associated complex. Small interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion of CENPT disrupted recruitment of the core complex and caused an increase in the number of cells in mitosis. Pendergast et al. (2011) stated that a complex made up of CENPT and CENPW (611264) integrates with centromeric chromatin in association with canonical histone H3 nucleosomes. Using predominantly HeLa cells, they found that CENPT and CENPW mRNA content showed no periodicity. However, both proteins exhibited maximal abundance in S phase and a minimum in late G2 and M. CENPT-CENPW complexes assembled at centromeres during the second half of S phase, prior to the execution of mitosis. Depletion of CENPW in HeLa cells resulted in multipolar spindles, misaligned chromosomes, and a spindle rolling phenotype, resulting in disruption of mitosis, extended prometaphase, and failure of congression. Pendergast et al. (2011) proposed that CENPT-CENPW complexes play a critical role in kinetochore formation following DNA replication.MAPPING
The International Radiation Hybrid Mapping Consortium mapped the CENPT gene to chromosome 16 (TMAP SHGC-61118). ... More on the omim web site
June 30, 2020: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 611510 was added.
Oct. 19, 2018: Additional information
Initial protein addition to the database. This entry was referenced in Bryk and co-workers. (2017).