Nuclear migration protein nudC (NUDC)
The protein contains 331 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 38243 Da.
Plays a role in neurogenesis and neuronal migration (By similarity). Necessary for correct formation of mitotic spindles and chromosome separation during mitosis (PubMed:12852857, PubMed:12679384, PubMed:25789526). Necessary for cytokinesis and cell proliferation (PubMed:12852857, PubMed:12679384). (updated: Feb. 10, 2021)
Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:
- Wilson and co-workers. (2016) Comparison of the Proteome of Adult and Cord Erythroid Cells, and Changes in the Proteome Following Reticulocyte Maturation. Mol Cell Proteomics. 15(6), 1938-1946.
- D'Alessandro and co-workers. (2017) Red blood cell proteomics update: is there more to discover? Blood Transfus. 15(2), 182-187.
Methods
The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.
The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.
| Publication | Identification 1 | Uniprot mapping 2 | Not mapped / Obsolete | TrEMBL | Swiss-Prot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodman (2013) | 2289 (gene list) | 2278 | 53 | 20599 | 2269 |
| Lange (2014) | 1234 | 1234 | 7 | 28 | 1224 |
| Hegedus (2015) | 2638 | 2622 | 0 | 235 | 2387 |
| Wilson (2016) | 1658 | 1528 | 170 | 291 | 1068 |
| d'Alessandro (2017) | 1826 | 1817 | 2 | 0 | 1815 |
| Bryk (2017) | 2090 | 2060 | 10 | 108 | 1942 |
| Chu (2018) | 1853 | 1804 | 55 | 362 | 1387 |
1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry
The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.
The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.
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The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 610325
Nuclear distribution gene c, a. nidulans, homolog of; nudc
DESCRIPTION
NudC was first identified as a regulator of nuclear movement in the asexual reproductive cycle of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Human NUDC is a nuclear movement protein that associates with dynein (see DYNC1H1; 600112) (Aumais et al., 2003).CLONING
By searching an EST database for sequences similar to A. nidulans NudC, followed by 5-prime and 3-prime RACE of a heart cDNA library, Miller et al. (1999) cloned human NUDC. Northern blot analysis detected NUDC expression in all tissues examined, with highest levels in heart and skeletal muscle. However, Western blot analysis showed highest NUDC protein expression in brain and erythroid cells, with lower expression in other tissues examined. Immunohistochemical analysis of bone marrow biopsies detected high NUDC levels in early erythroid and myeloid cells, but little to none in most differentiated cells. Expression was primarily cytoplasmic, although punctate nuclear staining was also observed. In cultured human erythroid cells, NUDC mRNA and protein were highly expressed in rapidly proliferating cells and declined upon terminal differentiation. By searching an EST database for sequences similar to mouse and rat NudC Matsumoto and Ledbetter (1999) identified human NUDC. The deduced 331-amino acid protein contains a basic stretch from lys68 to arg76, an acidic region from asp144 to asp155, and a 94-amino acid C terminus that is highly homologous to A. nidulans NudC. Human NUDC shares 94% and 95% amino acid identity with mouse and rat NudC, respectively. Northern blot analysis detected a major 1.6-kb transcript and a minor 2.0-kb transcript in all adult and fetal human tissues examined.GENE FUNCTION
Miller et al. (1999) found that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF2; 138960) increased expression of NUDC mRNA and protein in a human erythroleukemia cell line. NUDC expression was also significantly enhanced in lysates of bone marrow aspirates from patients with acute myelogenous and acute lymphoblastic leukemia compared with normal controls. Aumais et al. (2003) noted that, in rat T cells, NudC is an early mitogen-responsive gene and, in synchronized cultures, NudC mRNA increases during mid-G1 and protein levels double during G2/M. They found that silencing of NUDC through small interfering RNA or overexpression of rat NudC inhibited HeLa cell proliferation and led to an increase in the proportion of multinucleated cells. Complementary studies in C. elegans embryos demonstrated that cytokinetic furrows regressed when Nud1, the C. elegans ortholog of NUDC, was silenced by RNA-mediated interference, resulting in 1-celled embryos containing 2 nuclei. Loss of midzone microtubule organization was observed in both HeLa cells and C. elegans embryos. Altering NUDC levels in HeLa cells resulted in mislocalization of PLK1 (602098) from mitotic structures, including the midbody during cytokinesis. Aumais et al. (2003) concluded that NUDC is crucial for mitotic progression and completion of cytokinesis. Using yeast 2-hybrid analysis, pull-down assays, and immunoprecipitation analysis, Pan et al. (2005) demonstrated that the extracellular domain of thrombopoietin receptor (MPL; 159530) bound amino acids 100 to 238 of NUDC. Immunofluorescence staining of a human megakaryocyte cell line showed colocalization of NUDC and MPL at all stages of megakaryocyte development. Substantial colocalization of NUDC with microtubules was detected ... More on the omim web site
Feb. 16, 2021: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Entry updated from uniprot information.
June 30, 2020: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 610325 was added.
Oct. 19, 2018: Additional information
Initial protein addition to the database. This entry was referenced in Bryk and co-workers. (2017).