Coatomer subunit delta (ARCN1)
The protein contains 511 amino acids for an estimated molecular weight of 57210 Da.
Component of the coatomer, a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. The coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors (By similarity). (updated: Dec. 20, 2017)
Protein identification was indicated in the following studies:
- Goodman and co-workers. (2013) The proteomics and interactomics of human erythrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(5), 509-518.
- Hegedűs and co-workers. (2015) Inconsistencies in the red blood cell membrane proteome analysis: generation of a database for research and diagnostic applications. Database (Oxford) 1-8.
- Wilson and co-workers. (2016) Comparison of the Proteome of Adult and Cord Erythroid Cells, and Changes in the Proteome Following Reticulocyte Maturation. Mol Cell Proteomics. 15(6), 1938-1946.
- Bryk and co-workers. (2017) Quantitative Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell Proteome. J Proteome Res. 16(8), 2752-2761.
Methods
The following articles were analysed to gather the proteome content of erythrocytes.
The gene or protein list provided in the studies were processed using the ID mapping API of Uniprot in September 2018. The number of proteins identified and mapped without ambiguity in these studies is indicated below.
Only Swiss-Prot entries (reviewed) were considered for protein evidence assignation.
| Publication | Identification 1 | Uniprot mapping 2 | Not mapped / Obsolete | TrEMBL | Swiss-Prot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodman (2013) | 2289 (gene list) | 2278 | 53 | 20599 | 2269 |
| Lange (2014) | 1234 | 1234 | 7 | 28 | 1224 |
| Hegedus (2015) | 2638 | 2622 | 0 | 235 | 2387 |
| Wilson (2016) | 1658 | 1528 | 170 | 291 | 1068 |
| d'Alessandro (2017) | 1826 | 1817 | 2 | 0 | 1815 |
| Bryk (2017) | 2090 | 2060 | 10 | 108 | 1942 |
| Chu (2018) | 1853 | 1804 | 55 | 362 | 1387 |
1 as available in the article and/or in supplementary material
2 uniprot mapping returns all protein isoforms as one entry
The compilation of older studies can be retrieved from the Red Blood Cell Collection database.
The data and differentiation stages presented below come from the proteomic study and analysis performed by our partners of the GReX consortium, more details are available in their published work.
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| Variant | Description |
|---|---|
| dbSNP:rs682327 | |
| dbSNP:rs1063124 |
Biological Process
Adult locomotory behavior
Cerebellar Purkinje cell layer maturation
COPI coating of Golgi vesicle
Endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport
Golgi localization
Intracellular protein transport
Membrane organization
Pigmentation
Retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum
The reference OMIM entry for this protein is 600820
Archain 1; arcn1
Radice et al. (1995) identified a gene that maps approximately 50-kb telomeric to MLL (159555) in band 11q23.3, a locus disrupted in certain leukemia-associated translocation chromosomes. A 200-kb genomic fragment from a YAC that includes MLL was used to screen a cDNA library of the R54;11 cell line which carries a translocation chromosome t(4;11)(q21; q23). The cDNA sequence predicts a 511-amino acid protein which shares similarity with predicted proteins of unknown function from rice (Oryza sativa) and Drosophila. Because of this ancient conservation the authors proposed the name archain (ARCN1). Radice et al. (1995) detected 4-kb ARCN1 transcripts by Northern blot analysis in all tissues examined. The protein encoded by the ARCN1 gene, the coatomer protein delta-COP, probably plays a fundamental role in eukaryotic cell biology. Tunnacliffe at al. (1996) demonstrated that it is conserved across diverse eukaryotes. Very close or identical matches were seen in rat and cow; highly significant matches were seen with 2 plant species, A. thaliana (cress) and S. tuberosum (potato). Of particular biologic significance was the match with a sequence on yeast chromosome VI, from which Tunnacliffe et al. (1996) were able to determine the yeast archain gene and protein sequence. Unpublished data indicated that in situ hybridizations on mouse embryo sections showed archain transcripts throughout the whole animal. ... More on the omim web site
Feb. 10, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Entry updated from uniprot information.
Feb. 2, 2018: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Dec. 19, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
Nov. 23, 2017: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: Uniprot description updated
March 16, 2016: Protein entry updated
Automatic update: OMIM entry 600820 was added.