Insecticids
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Few Knottins have shown insecticidal
activity
- Orally active insecticidal peptide (OAIP-1) (PDB ID: 2LL1)
from venom of the Australian tarantula Selenotypus plumipes [Hardy et al., 2013].
- J-Atracotoxin-HV1C (PDB ID: 1DL0)
- Kalata B1 and other cyclotides display insecticidal activities.
It has been shown that the insecticidal and hemolytic activity of kalata B1 are both dependent on a cluster
of hydrophilic residues separate from the membrane binding face. It is postulated that specific self-association,
in combination with membrane binding mediates cyclotide bioactivities
[Simonsen et al., 2008]. Kalata B1 has been shown to disrupt
epithelial cells in the midgut of lepidopteran larvae and consequently to negatively affect nutrient uptake
[Barbeta et al., 2008].
- α-Amylase inhibitor AAI
(PDB ID: 1CLV)
- Plant proteinase inhibitors:
Leaf-specific over-expression of the potato inhibitor PI-II and of the knottin PCI (carboxypeptidase
inhibitor) results in increased resistance to Heliothis obsoleta and Liriomyza trifolii
larvae in homozygote tomato lines expressing high levels of the transgenes
[Abdeen et al., 2005].
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